America had much to be grateful for on October 3, 1863. Her
chief executive, Abraham Lincoln, set his hand to formalize that
gratitude in a National Day of Thanksgiving. States had celebrated
individually, but the nation as a whole had never offered a unified
voice of appreciation.
Among early American colonists, unified
prayer, fasting and thanksgiving had often been used. The Pilgrims, who
had arrived in the New World in 1620, had successfully pled for relief
from a 12-week drought that threatened them with winter starvation. In
1631, the Puritans unitedly fasted to speed the arrival of supplies, and
the supply ship, the Lyon, arrived the day the last cornmeal was
distributed. They fasted, again, fifteen years later, when, within
hours, a sudden, mysterious caterpillar infestation began to devour
their summer crop. They received an equally immediate, miraculous end to
the pestilence, for which they gratefully offered thanks.
The
gratitude of prayer saved colonial British America from French invasion.
The citizens of Boston gathered in Old South Church on October 16,
1746, with the Reverend Thomas Prince. The arrival of French Duke
d'Anville, with 70 ships, 10,000 troops, and orders to destroy the
American seacoast from Boston to Georgia was imminent. Reverend Prince
called on God, "Deliver us from our enemy! Send Thy tempest, Lord ...
Scatter the ships ... Sink their proud frigates beneath the power of Thy
winds!" Sunshine immediately gave way to roiling clouds. A sudden,
shrieking wind set the church bell ringing "a wild and uneven sound" in
the unattended steeple. The fleet was miraculously stopped, two frigates
sank and the remainder were scattered, the men aboard developed a
mysterious pestilential fever and the Duke died at his own hand for the
disgrace of it all.
President Lincoln had set a previous pattern
for national gratitude when he closed the doors of the federal
government for a day of fasting on September 28, 1861. National
requirement, as stated in the Constitution's First Amendment, was to
keep government out of religion. Today, we misunderstand; we keep
religion out of government, instead. This prevents us, as a union, from
calling down the powers of heaven to help us in times of need.
In
1863, as the United States was locked into mortal North/South conflict,
Lincoln focused his Thanksgiving Proclamation on the blessings they had
received, despite the war.
"In the midst of a civil war of
unequaled magnitude ... peace has been preserved with all nations, order
has been maintained, the laws have been respected and obeyed and
harmony has prevailed everywhere except in the theatre of military
conflict," he said.
He explained that "needful diversions of
wealth and of strength ... to the national defense, have not arrested
the plough, the shuttle or the ship; the axe has enlarged the borders of
our settlements, and the mines ... have yielded even more abundantly
than heretofore."
The nation was being blessed and President
Lincoln, referring to the "blessings of fruitful fields and healthful
skies, noted the source of their blessings. "No human counsel hath
devised nor hath any mortal hand worked out these great things. They are
the gracious gifts of the Most High God ... he should be solemnly,
reverently and gratefully acknowledged as with one heart and one voice
by the whole American People."
President Lincoln called upon the
nation to join in a national day of gratitude on the last Thursday of
each November. He counseled them to remember, "all those who have become
widows, orphans, mourners or sufferers in the lamentable civil strife
in which we are unavoidably engaged." In conclusion he called on the
nation to "fervently implore the interposition of the Almighty Hand to
heal the wounds of the nation ... and to restore it ... to the full
enjoyment of peace, harmony, tranquility and Union."
As residents
of this marvelous place to live, we owe gratitude to the Divine Hand
that has overseen our prosperity and peace. As we gather with our
families this Thanksgiving Day, let us offer thanks to God who has made
all things possible and plead that He again "heal the wounds of the
nation."